| What it is | Hyaluronic acid with mannitol, given as a single injection | Non-animal stabilised hyaluronic acid (NASHA): a more cross-linked formulation, given as a single injection | A polyacrylamide hydrogel: 97.5% water and 2.5% cross-linked polyacrylamide, given as a single injection |
| How it is thought to help | Supports joint lubrication and cushioning, working with rather than suppressing inflammation | Works mechanically, restoring some of the cushioning and lubrication lost in osteoarthritis | Becomes integrated with the soft tissues of the joint lining, with the aim of long-term symptom relief |
| Staying power | Mannitol helps protect the hyaluronic acid from oxidative breakdown | Resists breakdown: a slower-clearing gel than standard linear hyaluronic acid | Non-biodegradable: the body does not metabolise or clear it |
| Joints | Knee, shoulder, hip, ankle and base of thumb | Knee (hip and ankle in selected cases) | Knee |
| Most often considered for | Mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis where joint preservation and a non-steroid route are priorities | Knee osteoarthritis when a longer-acting single treatment is the priority | Moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis without adequate relief from conservative options |
| Benefit, as reported | Several months in suitable patients; individual response varies | Several months from one injection in suitable patients | Long-lasting in suitable responders; sustained benefit over several years in selected patients |
| Knee price | £280Anterior hip £600 | £350 | £2,400 |